Die hantering van teenoorgesteldheid in enkele tipes woordeboeke, toegelig met Afrikaanse voorbeelde

Abstract

Opsomming: Hoewel teenoorgesteldheid tot dusver deur baie leksikograwe as 'n bonus beskou is in die meeste tipes woordeboeke, word in hierdie artikel aangevoer dat hul insluiting verpligtend behoort te wees in aanleerderwoordeboeke en dat dit ook van groot nut kan wees in verskeie ander tipes woordeboeke. Eers word 'n uiteensetting gegee van verskillende tipes teenstellingsverhoudings. Daarna word die hantering van teenoorgesteldheid toegelig met Afrikaanse voorbeelde, in drie tipes woordeboeke bespreek met betrekking tot twee kategorie?: inligting in die toeligtingsgedeelte en in die alfabetiese gedeelte. Met verwysing na die pluspunte sowel as die tekortkominge in die bespreekte woordeboeke, word voorstelle ter verbetering van die hantering van teenoorgesteldheid in hierdie woordeboeke gemaak, bv.: (1) die term teenoorgesteldheid behoort duidelik omskryf te word in die toeligtingsgedeelte, (2) die leksikale items waarby teenoorgesteldes aangedui kan word, behoort as lemmas op hulle alfabetiese plekke opgeneem te word, (3) die teenoorgesteldes van hierdie lemmas behoort by di? lemmas aangedui te word, en (4) die mees frekwente teenoorgesteldes kan deur middel van korpusontleding ge?dentifiseer word. Sleutelwoorde: AANLEERDERWOORDEBOEK, ALFABETIESE GEDEELTE, ANTONIMIE,DEFINI?RING, EENTALIGE WOORDEBOEK, KRUISVERWYSINGS, LEKSIKOGRAFIE, LEMMA, SEMANTIESE OPPOSISIE, TEENOORGESTELDHEID, TOELIGTINGSGEDEELTE, TWEETALIGE WOORDEBOEK Abstract: The Treatment of Opposites in a Few Types of Dictionaries, Illustrated by Afrikaans Examples. Although lexical items indicating semantic opposition have, until now, been regarded by many lexicographers as a bonus in most types of dictionaries, it is argued in this article that their inclusion should be compulsory in learner's dictionaries and that it can also be of great value in many other types of dictionaries. First an exposition is given of different types of semantic opposition. Then the treatment of opposition illustrated by Afrikaans examples, is discussed in three types of dictionaries by looking at two categories: the information in the usage guide and in the alphabetical part. With reference to the strong points as well as the shortcomings in the discussed dictionaries, suggestions are made for the improvement of the treatment of semantic opposition in these dictionaries, e.g. (1) the term semantic opposition should be clearly defined in the usage guide, (2) the lexical items indicating semantic opposition should be recorded in their alphabetical places as lemmata, (3) the opposites should be indicated at these lemmata, and (4) the most frequent opposites can be identified by using a corpus analysis. Keywords: ALPHABETICAL PART, ANTONYMY, ANTONYMOUS RELATIONS, BILINGUALDICTIONARY, CROSS-REFERENCES, DEFINING, LEARNER'S DICTIONARY, LEMMA,LEXICOGRAPHY, MONOLINGUAL DICTIONARY, SEMANTIC OPPOSITION, USAGE GUIDE